2. Transmission services and distribution losses

This includes the transmission services invoiced by TenneT and distribution losses related to revenue.

Costs of transmission services and distribution losses rose by €143 million to €952 million in 2024. Of this increase, €367 was caused by higher TenneT costs for transmission services due to tariff increases (€348 million), which was partially offset by volume differences (€17 million) and other effects (€2 million). TenneT’s costs increased by 82%, mainly due to tariff increases. In addition, the load on the grid was higher than in 2023, which caused the volume differences.

In addition, the costs for distribution losses decreased by €224 million. Of this decrease, €175 million is attributable to electricity (€171 million due to price differences, €4 million due to volume differences). Enexis buys electricity in advance to compensate for grid losses. Therefore, the level of distribution loss costs in 2024 depends on the electricity prices in the years when the forward contracts were concluded. In the financial year 2023, the cost of electricity for distribution losses was exceptionally high because the electricity was mainly purchased in 2022, when energy prices were extremely high. 

Grid losses from gas transmission decreased by €40 million (€37 million due to price differences and €3 million due to volume differences). Also for gas, the costs were significantly lower than in the 2023 financial year, as the network losses in the 2023 financial year were mainly purchased in 2022. 

Other grid losses decreased by €9 million, mainly due to settlements with customers for metering errors, which resulted in a gain for Enexis.

Enexis Netbeheer B.V. distributes the transmitted energy among its customers through its allocation and reconciliation process. In this case, the allocation is the advance, and the reconciliation is the final settlement. The difference between the energy taken up by the distribution grid and the energy allocated to the end users after allocation and reconciliation is the distribution loss. The reconciliation for the calendar year in question is only finalised after a reconciliation process that takes 20 months. Using forecasts, Enexis Netbeheer B.V. tries to estimate the final reconciliation result as accurately as possible to minimise the distribution loss. User profiles, actual annual feed-in and historical data are used as input for these forecasts. The result from reconciliation amounted to €1 million in 2024 (gain). This is an improvement of €36 million compared to 2023.

For more information on Enexis’ policy to control risks related to distribution losses, see note 30 ‘Financing policy and risks associated with financial instruments’ in the 2023 consolidated financial statements of Enexis Holding N.V.